vervis/src/Vervis/RemoteActorStore.hs

{- This file is part of Vervis.
 -
 - Written in 2019 by fr33domlover <fr33domlover@riseup.net>.
 -
 - ♡ Copying is an act of love. Please copy, reuse and share.
 -
 - The author(s) have dedicated all copyright and related and neighboring
 - rights to this software to the public domain worldwide. This software is
 - distributed without any warranty.
 -
 - You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
 - with this software. If not, see
 - <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
 -}

-- | This module collects functions for working with the storage of remote
-- instances, actors and their details in our local database.
module Vervis.RemoteActorStore
    ( InstanceMutex ()
    , newInstanceMutex
    , YesodRemoteActorStore (..)
    , withHostLock
    , keyListedByActorShared
    , VerifKeyDetail (..)
    , addVerifKey
    )
where

import Prelude

import Control.Concurrent.MVar (MVar, newMVar)
import Control.Concurrent.ResultShare
import Control.Concurrent.STM.TVar
import Control.Exception
import Control.Monad
import Control.Monad.Logger.CallStack
import Control.Monad.STM
import Control.Monad.Trans.Except
import Data.Foldable
import Data.HashMap.Strict (HashMap)
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Text (Text)
import Data.Time.Clock
import Data.Traversable
import Database.Persist
import Database.Persist.Sql
import Network.HTTP.Client
import UnliftIO.MVar (withMVar)
import Yesod.Core hiding (logError)
import Yesod.Persist.Core

import qualified Data.HashMap.Strict as M
import qualified Data.Text as T

import Crypto.PublicVerifKey
import Database.Persist.Local
import Network.FedURI
import Web.ActivityPub

import Vervis.Model

newtype InstanceMutex = InstanceMutex (TVar (HashMap Text (MVar ())))

newInstanceMutex :: IO InstanceMutex
newInstanceMutex = InstanceMutex <$> newTVarIO M.empty

data RoomModeDB
    = RoomModeNoLimit
    | RoomModeLimit Int

data RoomMode
    = RoomModeInstant
    | RoomModeCached RoomModeDB

class Yesod site => YesodRemoteActorStore site where
    siteInstanceMutex    :: site -> InstanceMutex
    siteInstanceRoomMode :: site -> Maybe Int
    siteActorRoomMode    :: site -> Maybe Int
    siteRejectOnMaxKeys  :: site -> Bool

    siteActorFetchShare  :: site -> ResultShare (HandlerFor site) FedURI (Either String (Entity RemoteSharer)) InstanceId

-- TODO this is copied from stm-2.5, remove when we upgrade LTS
stateTVar :: TVar s -> (s -> (a, s)) -> STM a
stateTVar var f = do
    s <- readTVar var
    let (a, s') = f s -- since we destructure this, we are strict in f
    writeTVar var s'
    return a

withHostLock
    :: ( MonadHandler m
       , MonadUnliftIO m
       , HandlerSite m ~ site
       , YesodRemoteActorStore site
       )
    => Text
    -> m a
    -> m a
withHostLock host action = do
    InstanceMutex tvar <- getsYesod siteInstanceMutex
    mvar <- liftIO $ do
        existing <- M.lookup host <$> readTVarIO tvar
        case existing of
            Just v -> return v
            Nothing -> do
                v <- newMVar ()
                atomically $ stateTVar tvar $ \ m ->
                    case M.lookup host m of
                        Just v' -> (v', m)
                        Nothing -> (v, M.insert host v m)
    withMVar mvar $ const action

sumUpTo :: Int -> YesodDB site Int -> YesodDB site Int -> YesodDB site Bool
sumUpTo limit action1 action2 = do
    n <- action1
    if n <= limit
        then do
            m <- action2
            return $ n + m <= limit
        else return False

-- | Grab instance and remote sharer IDs from the DB, inserting new ones if
-- they can't be found in the DB. The @Maybe Bool@ indicates whether the IDs
-- are newly inserted record: 'Nothing' means they're both new. @Just True@
-- means the instance record existed but the remote sharer is new. @Just False@
-- means both the instance and remote sharer existed in the DB.
instanceAndActor
    :: ( PersistUniqueWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Text
    -> LocalURI
    -> LocalURI
    -> YesodDB site (InstanceId, RemoteSharerId, Maybe Bool)
instanceAndActor host luActor luInbox = do
    (iid, inew) <- idAndNew <$> insertBy (Instance host)
    let rs = RemoteSharer luActor iid luInbox
    if inew
        then do
            rsid <- insert rs
            return (iid, rsid, Nothing)
        else do
            (rsid, rsnew) <- idAndNew <$> insertBy rs
            return (iid, rsid, Just rsnew)

actorRoom
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> RemoteSharerId
    -> YesodDB site Bool
actorRoom limit rsid = do
    sumUpTo limit
        (count [VerifKeySharedUsageUser ==. rsid])
        (count [VerifKeySharer ==. Just rsid])

getOldUsageId
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => RemoteSharerId
    -> YesodDB site (Maybe VerifKeySharedUsageId)
getOldUsageId rsid = fmap entityKey . listToMaybe <$> selectList [VerifKeySharedUsageUser ==. rsid] [Asc VerifKeySharedUsageId, LimitTo 1]

getOldPersonalKeyId
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => RemoteSharerId
    -> YesodDB site (Maybe VerifKeyId)
getOldPersonalKeyId rsid = fmap entityKey . listToMaybe <$> selectList [VerifKeySharer ==. Just rsid] [Asc VerifKeyExpires, Asc VerifKeyId, LimitTo 1]

makeActorRoomByPersonal
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> RemoteSharerId
    -> VerifKeyId
    -> YesodDB site ()
makeActorRoomByPersonal limit rsid vkid = do
    room <-
        if limit <= 1
            then return False
            else (< limit-1) <$> count [VerifKeySharer ==. Just rsid, VerifKeyId !=. vkid]
    unless room $ delete vkid

makeActorRoomByUsage
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> RemoteSharerId
    -> VerifKeySharedUsageId
    -> YesodDB site ()
makeActorRoomByUsage limit rsid suid = do
    room <-
        if limit <= 1
            then return False
            else
                sumUpTo (limit-1)
                    (count [VerifKeySharedUsageUser ==. rsid, VerifKeySharedUsageId !=. suid])
                    (count [VerifKeySharer ==. Just rsid])
    unless room $ delete suid

-- | Checks whether the given actor has room left for a new shared key usage
-- record, and if not, deletes a record to make room for a new one. It prefers
-- to delete a usage record if any exist; otherwise it deletes a personal key.
--
-- The first parameter is the actor key storage limit, and it must be above
-- zero.
makeActorRoomForUsage
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> RemoteSharerId
    -> YesodDB site ()
makeActorRoomForUsage limit rsid = do
    msuid <- getOldUsageId rsid
    case msuid of
        Nothing -> do
            mvkid <- getOldPersonalKeyId rsid
            case mvkid of
                Nothing -> return ()
                Just vkid -> makeActorRoomByPersonal limit rsid vkid
        Just suid -> makeActorRoomByUsage limit rsid suid

-- | Checks whether the given actor has room left for a new personal key
-- record, and if not, deletes a record to make room for a new one. It prefers
-- to delete a personal key if any exist; otherwise it deletes a usage record.
--
-- The first parameter is the actor key storage limit, and it must be above
-- zero.
makeActorRoomForPersonalKey
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> RemoteSharerId
    -> YesodDB site ()
makeActorRoomForPersonalKey limit rsid = do
    mvkid <- getOldPersonalKeyId rsid
    case mvkid of
        Nothing -> do
            msuid <- getOldUsageId rsid
            case msuid of
                Nothing -> return ()
                Just suid -> makeActorRoomByUsage limit rsid suid
        Just vkid -> makeActorRoomByPersonal limit rsid vkid

-- | Checks whether the given instance has room left for a new shared key
-- record, and if not, deletes a record to make room for a new one.
--
-- The first parameter is the actor key storage limit, and it must be above
-- zero.
makeInstanceRoom
    :: ( PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       )
    => Int
    -> InstanceId
    -> YesodDB site ()
makeInstanceRoom limit iid = do
    mvk <- listToMaybe <$> selectList [VerifKeyInstance ==. iid, VerifKeySharer ==. Nothing] [Asc VerifKeyExpires, Asc VerifKeyId, LimitTo 1]
    case mvk of
        Nothing -> return ()
        Just (Entity vkid _) -> do
            room <-
                if limit <= 1
                    then return False
                    else (< limit-1) <$> count [VerifKeyInstance ==. iid, VerifKeySharer ==. Nothing, VerifKeyId !=. vkid]
            unless room $ delete vkid

roomModeFromLimit :: Maybe Int -> RoomMode
roomModeFromLimit Nothing      = RoomModeCached $ RoomModeNoLimit
roomModeFromLimit (Just limit) =
    if limit <= 0
        then RoomModeInstant
        else RoomModeCached $ RoomModeLimit limit

-- | Given a shared key we have in our DB, verify that the given actor lists
-- this key, and update the DB accordingly.
--
--   * If the storage limit on actor keys is zero:
--       - If we're supposed to reject signatures when there's no room, raise
--         an error! We can't store anything with a limit of 0
--       - Otherwise, fetch the actor, store in DB if we don't have it, verify
--         usage via actor JSON. Usage isn't stored in the DB.
--   * If there's no storage limit, or it's above zero:
--     - If we know the actor and we have a record that it lists the key,
--       return success, no other action
--     - If we know the actor but we don't have a record of usage, fetch the
--       actor and verify usage. If the actor already has the maximal number of
--       keys: If we're supposed to reject signatures when there's no room,
--       raise an error. Otherwise, delete an old key/usage and store the new
--       usage in the DB.
--     - If we don't know the actor, fetch actor, verify usage, store actor and
--       usage in DB.
--
-- If we get success, that means the actor lists the key, and both the actor
-- and the usage exist in our DB now (if the storage limit isn't zero).
keyListedByActorShared
    :: ( HasHttpManager site
       , YesodPersist site
       , YesodRemoteActorStore site
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       , PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistUniqueWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       )
    => InstanceId
    -> VerifKeyId
    -> Text
    -> LocalURI
    -> LocalURI
    -> ExceptT String (HandlerFor site) RemoteSharerId
keyListedByActorShared iid vkid host luKey luActor = do
    manager <- getsYesod getHttpManager
    reject <- getsYesod siteRejectOnMaxKeys
    roomMode <- getsYesod $ roomModeFromLimit . siteActorRoomMode
    case roomMode of
        RoomModeInstant -> do
            when reject $ throwE "Actor key storage limit is 0 and set to reject"
            luInbox <- actorInbox <$> ExceptT (keyListedByActor manager host luKey luActor)
            lift $ runDB $ either entityKey id <$> insertBy (RemoteSharer luActor iid luInbox)
        RoomModeCached m -> do
            eresult <- do
                ments <- lift $ runDB $ do
                    mrs <- getBy $ UniqueRemoteSharer iid luActor
                    for mrs $ \ (Entity rsid _) ->
                        (rsid,) . isJust <$>
                            getBy (UniqueVerifKeySharedUsage vkid rsid)
                return $
                    case ments of
                        Nothing -> Right Nothing
                        Just (rsid, used) ->
                            if used
                                then Left rsid
                                else Right $ Just rsid
            case eresult of
                Left rsid -> return rsid
                Right mrsid -> do
                    luInbox <- actorInbox <$> ExceptT (keyListedByActor manager host luKey luActor)
                    ExceptT $ runDB $ do
                        vkExists <- isJust <$> get vkid
                        case mrsid of
                            Nothing -> do
                                rsid <- insert $ RemoteSharer luActor iid luInbox
                                when vkExists $ insert_ $ VerifKeySharedUsage vkid rsid
                                return $ Right rsid
                            Just rsid -> runExceptT $ do
                                when vkExists $ do
                                    case m of
                                        RoomModeNoLimit -> return ()
                                        RoomModeLimit limit -> do
                                            if reject
                                                then do
                                                    room <- lift $ actorRoom limit rsid
                                                    unless room $ throwE "Actor key storage limit reached"
                                                else lift $ makeActorRoomForUsage limit rsid
                                    lift $ insert_ $ VerifKeySharedUsage vkid rsid
                                return rsid

data VerifKeyDetail = VerifKeyDetail
    { vkdKeyId     :: LocalURI
    , vkdKey       :: PublicVerifKey
    , vkdExpires   :: Maybe UTCTime
    , vkdActorId   :: LocalURI
    , vkdShared    :: Bool
    }

addVerifKey
    :: ( YesodRemoteActorStore site
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       , PersistQueryRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistUniqueWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       )
    => Text
    -> LocalURI
    -> VerifKeyDetail
    -> ExceptT String (YesodDB site) (InstanceId, RemoteSharerId)
addVerifKey h uinb vkd =
    if vkdShared vkd
        then addSharedKey h uinb vkd
        else addPersonalKey h uinb vkd
    where
    addSharedKey host luInbox (VerifKeyDetail luKey key mexpires luActor _) = do
        reject <- getsYesod siteRejectOnMaxKeys
        roomModeA <- getsYesod $ roomModeFromLimit . siteActorRoomMode
        roomModeI <- getsYesod $ roomModeFromLimit . siteInstanceRoomMode
        (iid, rsid, inew) <- lift $ instanceAndActor host luActor luInbox
        case roomModeI of
            RoomModeInstant ->
                when reject $ throwE "Instance key storage limit is 0 and set to reject"
            RoomModeCached m -> do
                case m of
                    RoomModeNoLimit -> return ()
                    RoomModeLimit limit ->
                        if reject
                            then when (isJust inew) $ do
                                room <- lift $ instanceRoom limit iid
                                unless room $ throwE "Instance key storage limit reached"
                            else when (isJust inew) $ lift $ makeInstanceRoom limit iid
                vkid <- lift $ insert $ VerifKey luKey iid mexpires key Nothing
                case roomModeA of
                    RoomModeInstant ->
                        when reject $ throwE "Actor key storage limit is 0 and set to reject"
                    RoomModeCached m -> do
                        case m of
                            RoomModeNoLimit -> return ()
                            RoomModeLimit limit ->
                                if reject
                                    then when (inew == Just False) $ do
                                        room <- lift $ actorRoom limit rsid
                                        unless room $ throwE "Actor key storage limit reached"
                                    else when (inew == Just False) $ lift $ makeActorRoomForUsage limit rsid
                        lift $ insert_ $ VerifKeySharedUsage vkid rsid
        return (iid, rsid)
        where
        instanceRoom n iid =
            (< n) <$> count [VerifKeyInstance ==. iid, VerifKeySharer ==. Nothing]
    addPersonalKey host luInbox (VerifKeyDetail luKey key mexpires luActor _) = do
        reject <- getsYesod siteRejectOnMaxKeys
        roomMode <- getsYesod $ roomModeFromLimit . siteActorRoomMode
        (iid, rsid, inew) <- lift $ instanceAndActor host luActor luInbox
        case roomMode of
            RoomModeInstant ->
                when reject $ throwE "Actor key storage limit is 0 and set to reject"
            RoomModeCached m -> do
                case m of
                    RoomModeNoLimit -> return ()
                    RoomModeLimit limit ->
                        if reject
                            then when (inew == Just False) $ do
                                room <- lift $ actorRoom limit rsid
                                unless room $ throwE "Actor key storage limit reached"
                            else when (inew == Just False) $ lift $ makeActorRoomForPersonalKey limit rsid
                lift $ insert_ $ VerifKey luKey iid mexpires key (Just rsid)
        return (iid, rsid)

actorFetchShareSettings
    :: ( YesodPersist site
       , PersistUniqueRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , PersistStoreWrite (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       , HasHttpManager site
       )
    => ResultShareSettings (HandlerFor site) FedURI (Either String (Entity RemoteSharer)) InstanceId
actorFetchShareSettings = ResultShareSettings
    { resultShareFork   = forkHandler $ \ e -> logError $ "ActorFetchShare action failed! " <> T.pack (displayException e)
    , resultShareAction = \ u iid -> do
        let (h, lu) = f2l u
        mers <- runDB $ getBy $ UniqueRemoteSharer iid lu
        case mers of
            Just ers -> return $ Right ers
            Nothing -> do
                manager <- getsYesod getHttpManager
                eactor <- fetchAPID manager actorId h lu
                for eactor $ \ actor -> runDB $
                    insertEntity $ RemoteSharer lu iid (actorInbox actor)
    }

fetchRemoteActor
    :: ( YesodPersist site
       , PersistUniqueRead (YesodPersistBackend site)
       , BaseBackend (YesodPersistBackend site) ~ SqlBackend
       , YesodRemoteActorStore site
       )
    => InstanceId -> Text -> LocalURI -> HandlerFor site (Either String (Entity RemoteSharer))
fetchRemoteActor iid host luActor = do
    mers <- runDB $ getBy $ UniqueRemoteSharer iid luActor
    case mers of
        Just ers -> return $ Right ers
        Nothing -> do
            afs <- getsYesod siteActorFetchShare
            runShared afs (l2f host luActor) iid